- known as
- writer, historian of Modern Age, essayist, university teacher, historian, opinion journalist
- fields
- literary activity, history, opinion journalism
- awards
- Guggenheim Fellowship, 1951, Georg Büchner Prize, 1968, Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Schweizerische Schillerstiftung, Schiller Memorial Prize, 1977, Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order, Hanns Martin Schleyer Prize, 1988, Goethe Prize of the City of Frankfurt, 1985, Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art, 1981, Knight of the National Order of Merit, Fontane-Preis, 1962, Schiller Prize of the City of Mannheim, 1964, Bodensee-Literaturpreis, 1987, Pipe Smoker of the Year, 1979, Ernst Robert Curtius Award, 1984, Gottfried-Keller-Preis, 1969, Grimme-Preis, 1966, Ludwig Thoma Medal, 1967, honorary doctor of the University of Bath, Kulturpreis der deutschen Freimaurer, 1972, Lessing Ring, 1972, honorary doctorate from University of Nantes, 1973, Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order
- member of
- German Academy for Language and Literature, Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- notable works
- Wallenstein: His Life Narrated